Glaucoma can lead to blindness because it causes damage to the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain. This damage can occur when the pressure inside the eye (intraocular pressure) becomes too high, which can happen due to a buildup of fluid in the eye. Over time, the damage to the optic nerve can result in vision loss and, if left untreated, can ultimately lead to blindness.
To prevent blindness in glaucoma, early detection and treatment are crucial. Regular eye exams with an eye doctor can help detect glaucoma in its early stages, before significant damage to the optic nerve occurs. Treatment typically involves lowering the intraocular pressure to prevent further damage to the optic nerve. This can be done with eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, or surgery. It is important to follow the treatment plan recommended by an eye doctor and to attend all scheduled follow-up appointments to monitor the condition and ensure that the treatment is effective.